Congenital ulnar and radius ossification

　　Congenital ulnar and radius ossification refers to the defect of the superior radioulnar joint and the bony fusion, which further affects the rotation of the forearm. This malformation belongs to autosomal dominant inheritance. During the process of embryogenesis, the radius and ulna are derived from a mesenchymal rod-like tissue of a limb bud. If the normal differentiation process is suppressed, it often manifests as the proximal ends of the two bones cannot be completely separated, resulting in bony fusion of the superior radioulnar joint.

　　Congenital ulnar and radius ossification can produce some postoperative complications, so early postoperative observation should be strict, and attention should be paid to the occurrence of ischemic changes in the affected limb. For those who have already developed vascular crisis, timely decompression should be performed to save the limb and ensure its function. If complications occur and are not treated in a timely manner, complications such as ischemic muscle contracture and necrosis may occur.

　　Patients with congenital ulnar and radius ossification have normal extension and flexion of the fingers, wrist, and elbow joints, but the forearm is fixed at 80° to 90° of pronation, and the supination function is absent. Children with the disease often compensate for the rotational activity by external rotation of the shoulder and flexion of the elbow joint to 90° inward to the side of the body, so it is easy to be missed in diagnosis.

　　Congenital radioulnar joint connections belong to congenital malformations. The prevention of congenital malformations is divided into the following aspects:

　　1. Pregnant women should avoid fever and colds in the early stages of pregnancy. High fever causing fetal malformation is also related to the sensitivity of pregnant women to high fever and other factors.

　　2. Pregnant women should avoid getting close to cats and dogs. Bacteria-carrying cats are also a major source of infectious diseases that can cause fetal malformation.

　　3. Pregnant women should avoid wearing heavy makeup every day. Toxic substances such as arsenic, lead, and mercury in cosmetics can affect the normal development of the fetus.

　　4. Pregnant women should avoid pregnancy-related stress. When pregnant women are stressed, adrenal cortical hormones may hinder the integration of embryonic tissues. If it occurs in the first three months of pregnancy, it may cause fetal malformation.

　　5. Pregnant women should avoid drinking alcohol. Alcohol can enter the developing embryo through the placenta and cause serious damage to the fetus.

　　In the diagnosis of congenital radioulnar joint connections, in addition to relying on clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations are also needed. X-ray films can be used to make an accurate diagnosis, but children's bones are not fully calcified before 2-4 years old, and diagnosis is not easy.

　　The diet of congenital radioulnar joint connections should be light, with more vegetables and fruits, and a reasonable diet. It is appropriate to eat more animal blood, eggs, fish, shrimps, soy products, potatoes, beef, chicken, and beef 'tendon' meat, which are rich in histidine, arginine, nucleic acids, and collagen. Drink less alcohol and coffee, tea, and other beverages, and avoid passive smoking.

　　For congenital radioulnar joint connections with less functional impact, no treatment is needed. Surgery is mainly to restore the supination function, the method is to remove the bone bridge between the ulna and radius, and insert muscle, fascia, or fat tissue flaps in the middle to block it, but the effect is not good for most patients due to recurrence of ossification. For patients with severe prevarication deformity, the palm facing backward, only the back of the hand can approach the mouth, eating and combing hair are difficult, and the loss of function is serious, reverse osteotomy can be performed on the upper one-third of the radius and the lower one-third of the ulna. Although the forearm has no rotation function, it is helpful for actions such as writing and drinking water, and the effect is still good.