Pelvic inflammatory infertility

　　The causes of pelvic infertility are often due to ascending infection caused by unsterile conditions during delivery, abortion, or curettage, or due to not paying attention to hygiene during the menstrual period or postpartum period, or having sexual intercourse during menstruation, or using unclean menstrual pads, etc. Changes in inflammation of other abdominal organs (such as appendicitis, peritonitis, etc.) can also directly spread to the reproductive organs, causing pelvic infertility. In the case of tuberculosis, the tuberculosis bacteria enter the body through the respiratory tract, intestines, or vagina, form inflammation in the pelvis, and lead to the appearance of symptoms of pelvic infertility.

　　The most common complication of pelvic inflammatory disease-related infertility is infertility. Due to the failure to seek timely medical attention for pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility may occur as the condition worsens. The occurrence of infertility often leads to crises in the patient's family, which may lead to depression, irritability, and other tendencies.

　　According to the different stages of pelvic inflammatory disease-related infertility, the manifestations of the disease are as follows:

　　1. Acute stage:High fever with chills, abdominal pain that is resistant to palpation, increased leukorrhea with a purulent smell, or accompanied by symptoms of peritoneal irritation, vaginal congestion, and a tender fornix. There may be cervical congestion, edema, and severe pain, and sometimes a mass can be palpated. Laboratory examination shows a significant increase in white blood cells.

　　2. Chronic stage:The course is long, with hidden pain and坠感 in the lower abdomen, accompanied by thickening and hardening of the ligaments of the sacrum and coccyx, with tenderness. Therefore, the characteristics are abdominal pain, increased leukorrhea, low fever, fatigue, and irregular menstruation. Gynecological examination may reveal thickening of the adnexa or palpable masses.

　　3. Tuberculous:Abdominal pain, low fever, irregular menstruation, followed by amenorrhea, increased leukorrhea and infertility, and even severe abdominal pain or accompanied by ascites. Gynecological examination is basically the same as chronic inflammation, and when tuberculosis peritonitis is present, a mass-like lump can be palpated. Diagnostic curettage or hysterosalpingography with iodine oil and pneumoperitoneum can assist in the diagnosis of the disease.

　　To reduce the occurrence of pelvic inflammatory disease-related infertility, it is recommended that patients should pay attention to the following preventive measures:

　　1. Prevent various infection pathways, keep the perineum clean and dry at all times. It is recommended to wash the vulva with clean water every night, and to do so with a separate basin for each person. It is strictly forbidden to use hands to clean the inside of the vagina, and it is also forbidden to use hot water and soap to clean the vulva. When pelvic inflammatory disease occurs, there is often an abnormal increase in leukorrhea, with a sticky texture, so remember to change your underwear frequently, and do not wear tight, synthetic underwear or pants.

　　2. During the menstrual period of women, or after induced abortion, or after the operation of removing the intrauterine device and other gynecological operations, there will be vaginal bleeding. During this period, it is necessary to remember to ban sexual life, appropriately ban swimming, bathtub, and sauna, and change sanitary napkins frequently, because at this time, the body's resistance is significantly reduced, which leads to bacteria easily taking advantage of the opportunity to enter and cause infection.

　　3. In addition, some patients, once they find that they have chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, will take antibiotics for treatment as soon as they feel a little uncomfortable. Long-term use of this will cause vaginal flora disorder, resulting in an abnormal increase in vaginal discharge, with a white curd-like vaginal discharge. Patients with this condition should go to the hospital for examination and treatment immediately, to exclude diseases such as candidal vaginitis.

　　When patients with fever show symptoms of fever, they usually sweat a lot. At this time, attention should be paid to keeping warm, remember to keep the body dry, and change underwear and pants in a timely manner after sweating, avoid air conditioning or direct draft, to prevent the recurrence of the disease.

　　The diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory infertility generally requires the following examinations:

　　1. Direct smear of secretions

　　It is necessary to detect the vaginal, cervical canal, and urethral secretions in women, and to make thin-layer smears of abdominal fluid to see if there are any abnormalities, and to conduct detailed examinations of the disease.

　　2. Ultrasound Examination

　　Through ultrasound examination, it can be observed whether there are masses or abscesses in the adhesion of fallopian tubes, ovaries, and intestines. This examination has a high accuracy rate, reaching more than 85%, and is an effective examination method for pelvic infertility.

　　3. Laparoscopy

　　Laparoscopy can be used for definitive diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and can effectively diagnose the extent of pelvic inflammatory disease.

　　4. Pathogen Culture

　　It is to examine the vaginal, cervical canal, and urethral secretions in women, which should be inoculated on Thayer-Martin culture medium immediately or within 30 seconds, placed in a 35℃ incubator for 48 hours, to identify bacteria through glycolysis and understand the specific condition of the patient's disease.

　　5. Posterior fornix puncture

　　By examining the abdominal contents or rectouterine pouch contents obtained through puncture, such as normal abdominal fluid, blood, etc., in women, scientific diagnosis of the disease can be ensured, and the accuracy of the examination results can be guaranteed.

　　6. Gynecological Examination

　　By checking for a large number of leukocytes in the vaginal discharge, and through vaginal examination for thickening, tenderness, and activity of the adnexa, an initial determination can be made as to whether there is pelvic inflammation.

　　7. B-ultrasound Examination

　　If gynecological examination suspects pelvic inflammatory disease, further B-ultrasound examination is required. Retaining urine before the examination can make the pelvis clearly visible.

　　8. Fallopian Tube Examination

　　After gynecological examination and B-ultrasound diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease, women who have always hoped to become pregnant can further undergo fallopian tube examination, fallopian tube contrast, to understand whether the fallopian tubes are unobstructed and determine the specific location of the blockage.

　　Reasonable diet is the key to disease recovery, therefore, it is recommended that patients pay attention to the following dietary principles:

　　First, easy to eat

　　1. Eat light and easy-to-digest foods such as red beans, mung beans, loofah, lentils, portulaca, etc. Foods with the effect of activating blood circulation, dispersing qi, and resolving masses should be eaten, such as hawthorn, peach kernel, fruit candy, tangerine kernel, tangerine peel, rose, tangerine, etc. Appropriate protein supplementation should be provided, such as lean pork, duck, goose, and quail.

　　2. Supplement nutrition, eat more high-calorie, high-protein, easy-to-digest foods such as soybeans, green beans, peanuts, tofu, soy milk, wheat gluten, animal liver, fish, walnuts, melon, oatmeal, etc.

　　3. Acute pelvic inflammatory disease patients should drink more water, and be given semi-liquid diet, such as rice porridge, lotus root powder, grape juice, apple juice, soda, plum juice, etc.

　　Second, avoid eating

　　1. Avoid cold and raw foods such as cold drinks, fruits, etc.

　　2. Avoid spicy, warm, and刺激性 foods such as chili, lamb, dog meat, roosters, etc.

　　3. Avoid eating greasy, cold, sticky foods such as fatty meat, crab,螺蛳, preserved meat products, etc.

　　4. Abstain from smoking and drinking.

　　The treatment methods for pelvic inflammatory infertility can be summarized into the following four, and patients can refer to them.

　　1. Basic medication

　　Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease is mostly damp-heat type, and Western medicine treatment is mainly antibiotics, combined with oral traditional Chinese medicine for gynecology to activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis, which is conducive to the absorption of pelvic medicine.

　　2. Physical therapy

　　Under the activation of physical ions, the toxins secreted by bacteria are destroyed under the action of physical thermal energy, the formation of antibodies increases, exudates decrease, and further spread of inflammation is avoided.

　　3. Medication during menstruation

　　During menstruation, there is accumulated blood in the vagina, which is conducive to the growth and reproduction of bacteria. The existing inflammation often worsens, and at this time, the blood vessels in the uterus are full and open. If systemic medication is taken during this period, it can achieve a higher blood drug concentration locally in the reproductive system, and continue to take oral medication or intravenous infusion during menstruation to consolidate the efficacy.

　　4. Abdominal perfusion

　　By directly immersing the affected pelvic area in the drug solution, it has a high concentration of anti-inflammatory effects, while also loosening adhesions, absorbing inflammatory tissue and inflammatory masses, improving the cure rate of pelvic inflammatory disease patients, and significantly reducing the recurrence rate of pelvic inflammatory disease.