Familial Colorectal Polyps

　　It is generally believed that familial colorectal polyps are related to genetic factors (mutation of the APC gene on the long arm of chromosome 5). The disease often has a family history, but it is not an congenital disease, and there are no adenomas in the intestines at birth. It often gradually appears with the development of adolescence.

　　The clinical manifestations of familial colorectal polyps include mucus and blood in stools, increased frequency of defecation, weight loss, fatigue, anemia, and varying degrees of abdominal discomfort or abdominal pain. Familial colorectal polyps can lead to complications such as intussusception, intestinal obstruction, and hemorrhagic shock.

　　The clinical manifestations of familial colorectal polyps include mucus and blood in stools, increased frequency of defecation, weight loss, fatigue, anemia, and varying degrees of abdominal discomfort or abdominal pain, or accompanied by chondromas and other extraintestinal tumors. Anoscopy can touch the polyps, which may be accompanied by pigmented spots or pigmented deposition and other tumors of tissues and organs.

　　To prevent familial colorectal polyps, those with a positive family history should be vigilant about the disease, especially if there is mucus, pus, and blood in the stools, and it is necessary to seek medical treatment at a hospital in a timely manner. If there are special pigmented spots or pigmented deposition on the lips, surrounding skin, oral mucosa, and fingers, it is necessary to undergo gastrointestinal contrast imaging or fiberoptic gastroscopy and colonoscopy examination in a timely manner. Multiple polyps limited to the colon can be surgically treated, and if accompanied by polyps throughout the gastrointestinal tract, close follow-up and observation should be carried out; if there is massive bleeding, intussusception, or malignant transformation of intestinal polyps, resection of the diseased intestinal segment should be performed.

　　The diagnosis of familial colon polyps, in addition to relying on clinical manifestations, is also an indispensable means of auxiliary examination. The commonly used examinations in clinical practice are as follows:
　　1. Colonoscopy shows a large number of polyps covering the colon mucosa, and biopsy can confirm the diagnosis.
　　2. Barium enema shows multiple or extensive filling defects in the colon.
　　3. The anus can be palpated for polyps.

　　Proper diet is helpful for the auxiliary treatment of familial colon polyps. The dietary requirements for this disease are as follows:
　　1. Suitable diet
　　Eat more foods with the effects of clearing intestinal heat, nourishing the mucosa, and promoting defecation and stopping bleeding, such as fresh pear juice, lotus root juice, reed root juice, celery juice, carrots, and white radish (eaten cooked).
　　2. Dietary taboos
　　Avoid spicy, greasy, rough, and fibrous foods; avoid smoking, alcohol, and coffee.

　　After the surgical treatment of familial colon polyps, traditional Chinese medicine can be used for auxiliary treatment. The辨证 therapy is as follows:

　　1. Damp-heat descending
　　Therapeutic method: Clearing heat and promoting diuresis, regulating qi and stopping bleeding.
　　Prescription: Huang Lian Jie Du Decoction: 10 grams of Coptis chinensis, 10 grams of Scutellaria baicalensis, 10 grams of Phellodendron amurense, 8 grams of Gardenia jasminoides, 12 grams of Poria, 10 grams of carbonized Sanguisorba officinalis, 10 grams of both Nux vomica and Prunus serotina, 8 grams of枳壳. Add 15 grams of Fructus cassiae if constipated.

　　2. Qi stagnation and blood stasis
　　Therapeutic method: Regulating qi and activating blood, removing blood stasis and dissipating nodules.
　　Prescription: Bu Yang Huan Wu Decoction: 20 grams of raw Astragalus membranaceus, 10 grams of Chinese Angelica, 15 grams of red peony, 6 pieces of earthworm, 10 grams of Chuanxiong, 12 grams of peach and red, 10 grams of Achyranthes bidentata, 8 grams of Bubalus bubalis. Add 10 grams of Fructus aurantii immaturus and 8 grams of Moschus moschatus for abdominal distension and anal prolapse.

　　3. Spleen deficiency and qi stagnation
　　Therapeutic method: Warming the middle and invigorating the spleen, regulating qi and removing blood stasis.
　　Prescription: Liang Fu Wan: 15 grams of Rhizoma galangae, 15 grams of prepared Cyperus rotundus, 20 grams of Astragalus membranaceus, 8 grams of Fructus aurantii immaturus. Add 15 grams of Haematite and 6 grams of blood residue if there is blood in the stool.

　　4. Cold congestion
　　Therapeutic method: Warming the middle to disperse cold, regulating qi and promoting diuresis.
　　Method: Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan: 15 grams of prepared Rehmannia, 15 grams of raw Rehmannia, 10 grams of Chinese yam, 8 grams of Alisma orientale, 12 grams of Poria, 8 grams of Cinnamomum cassia, 6 grams of prepared aconite, 10 grams of Cornus officinalis, 10 grams of Moschus moschatus. Add 15 grams of Bai Shao and 8 grams of Gan Cao for abdominal pain.