Dyspepsia

　　There are many causes of dyspepsia, including chronic inflammation in the stomach and duodenum, leading to dysfunction of the normal peristalsis function of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. Unhappiness, long-term depression, or sudden intense stimulation can all cause it. Gastric atony is caused by diabetes, primary neurogenic anorexia, and gastric resection.

　　1. Diseases caused by gastric motility disorders

　　Gastrointestinal diseases can cause dyspepsia, including chronic inflammation in the stomach and duodenum, leading to dysfunction of the normal peristalsis function of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.

　　2, Gastroparesis

　　It is not that the stomach has really become paralyzed, but rather that the stomach's motor function has decreased. Under normal circumstances, when food enters the stomach, the stomach can expand to accommodate the food, and at the same time, the stomach has strong contraction and peristalsis power to send the food to the small intestine for further digestion and absorption. This emptying movement is controlled not only by muscle movement but also by the autonomic nervous system.

　　3, Mental factors

　　The patient's mood may be unpleasant, long-term depression, or sudden exposure to intense stimuli, etc., can cause. The digestive function of the elderly decreases, and they are more susceptible to emotional influence. Sometimes, slightly rough or cold food, or eating too much and greasy food can also trigger it. It is worth emphasizing that most mild dyspepsia treated at home is due to bad mood, excessive work stress, cold weather, or eating indigestible food, and it only has mild upper abdominal discomfort, bloating, and heartburn symptoms. The digestive function of the elderly decreases, and they are more susceptible to emotional influence. Sometimes slightly rough or cold food, or eating too much and greasy food can also trigger it. It is worth emphasizing that most mild dyspepsia treated at home is due to bad mood, excessive work stress, cold weather, or eating indigestible food, and it only has mild upper abdominal discomfort, bloating, and heartburn symptoms.

　　1, Diarrhea: Dyspepsia disrupts the balance in the intestines, causing diarrhea. In fact, diarrhea at this time is also a form of protection, as it helps to expel toxins from the body. Early administration of anti-diarrheal medicine is often not advisable, as it can lead to obstruction.

　　2, Constipation: Eating too much food, spicy, fried, cold... When these foods accumulate together, they can cause constipation in children, and constipation in children can also lead to the accumulation of toxins, thereby harming the child's health.

　　3, Abdominal pain: Excessive accumulation of things in the stomach and abnormal intestinal peristalsis can directly lead to vomiting and abdominal pain in children, and in severe cases, general medication at home cannot alleviate the symptoms, and hospital check-ups are required, which is considered a relatively serious consequence.

　　4, Gastric Cancer: People with dyspepsia often refuse to eat and have poor sleep due to discomfort, affecting their physical health and normal daily life. The incidence of gastric cancer in China is higher than in the West, and it is important to be cautious of the serious consequences of long-term dyspepsia leading to gastric cancer.

　　Upper abdominal pain

　　Upper abdominal pain is a common symptom, and some patients experience upper abdominal pain as the main symptom, accompanied or not by other upper abdominal symptoms. Upper abdominal pain is often irregular, and in some patients, it is related to eating, manifesting as pain after eating, which relieves after eating, or as persistent pain for 0.5 to 3.0 hours after a meal.

　　Early satiety, bloating, and belching

　　Early satiety, bloating, and belching are also common symptoms that can occur alone or as a group, and may or may not be accompanied by abdominal pain. Early satiety refers to a feeling of fullness that occurs soon after eating, resulting in a significant reduction in food intake. Upper abdominal bloating often occurs after meals or becomes more severe with persistent eating. Early satiety and upper abdominal bloating are often accompanied by belching.

　　Symptoms of Functional Dyspepsia

　　Many patients experience symptoms such as insomnia, anxiety, depression, headache, and inattention, which are related to the fear of cancer in some patients.

　　Functional dyspepsia: Any person with the above symptoms of dyspepsia, without a clear organic disease to explain, is called functional dyspepsia (functional dyspepsia, FD). This type of dyspepsia has the highest incidence, and most people have experienced it. The main cause is related to mental and psychological factors, such as mood swings, sleep disorders, poor rest, and stimulants such as smoking and drinking. According to statistics from Western countries, FD accounts for 20% to 40% of gastrointestinal diseases. Depending on the symptoms, FD can be divided into 3 subtypes:

　　(1) Ulcer-like dyspepsia type, characterized by symptoms of peptic ulcer, but without the presence of ulcers. Recent research has found that patients facing stress may experience stress responses, with intermittent increases in gastric acid secretion, and due to dysmotility, the effect of gastric acid on mucosal damage is prolonged and increased. Therefore, patients of this type may improve after eating or taking H2-receptor antagonists.

　　(2) Dysmotility-like dyspepsia type, characterized by clinical manifestations mainly of gastric retention symptoms, with intractable upper abdominal pain or discomfort that is often caused or exacerbated by eating, accompanied by postprandial upper abdominal bloating, early satiety, nausea or vomiting, poor appetite, and so on.

　　(3) Specific dyspepsia type, with FD symptoms but does not meet the characteristics of the above two types of dyspepsia.

　　Organic dyspepsia: After examination, it can be clearly identified that dyspepsia symptoms are caused by organ lesions, such as liver disease, bile duct disease, pancreatic disease, diabetes, and so on. For these patients, the treatment mainly focuses on the etiology, and auxiliary supplementation of digestive enzymes or improvement of gastric motility is used to alleviate dyspepsia symptoms.

　　(4) Organic dyspepsia: After examination, it can be clearly identified that dyspepsia symptoms are caused by organ lesions, such as liver disease, bile duct disease, pancreatic disease, diabetes, and so on. For these patients, the treatment mainly focuses on the etiology, and auxiliary supplementation of digestive enzymes or improvement of gastric motility is used to alleviate dyspepsia symptoms.

　　1. Live a regular life, go to bed on time, do self-psychological adjustment, eliminate mental concerns, pay attention to controlling emotions, and have a broad mind.

　　2. Quit smoking and drinking, and avoid eating spicy and cold foods that are刺激性.

　　3. Go to the hospital for a check-up to see if the discomfort in the stomach is caused by diabetes or hypothyroidism.

　　4. Develop good living habits. Avoid overeating and drinking, and avoid eating indigestible foods and drinking various gas-producing beverages.

　　5. Select safe, effective, and inexpensive drugs. In addition to using gastrointestinal motility drugs such as metoclopramide, it is also necessary to supplement digestive enzymes and drugs that promote bile secretion.

　　1. Routine blood test, urine test, stool test.

　　2. Liver function, renal function.

　　3. Viral hepatitis immunological examination.

　　4. X-ray examination, B-ultrasound examination.

　　5. Electrolyte and inorganic element detection.

　　6. Gastric juice test.

　　7. Cardiovascular examination.

　　8. Endoscopic examination: Endoscopic examination can detect ulcers, erosions, tumors, and other organic lesions.

　　9. Radioactive nuclide (isotope) examination.

　　Advisable:

　　1. It is advisable to eat easily digestible porridge such as Pu'er tea porridge, Baohe porridge, and Quimei porridge.

　　2. It is advisable to consume foods rich in protein or calcium, such as milk, dairy products, lean meats, fish and shrimp, egg yolks, salted eggs, salted duck eggs, soybeans, and others.

　　Avoid:

　　1. Avoid smoking and drinking.

　　2. Eat less刺激性 food, cold food, and coffee, chocolate, potatoes, sweet potatoes, and acidic food.

　　3. Avoid eating foods that are prone to cause flatulence. Such as dried beans, onions, potatoes, sweet potatoes, and sweets.

　　1. Domperidone (also known as metoclopramide, Stomach relief) can increase the tension and peristalsis of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle, accelerate the emptying speed of the stomach, and ensure the smooth, digestion, and propulsion of food in the stomach, promoting the excretion of food and intestinal gases, thereby eliminating various symptoms of indigestion. It is used for indigestion, abdominal distension, belching, nausea, and vomiting.

　　2. Lactobacillus casei (Table fly) is a dried preparation of viable intestinal streptococci. It can decompose carbohydrates in the intestines, generate lactic acid, increase the acidity of the intestines, thereby inhibiting the growth and reproduction of putrefactive bacteria, and preventing intestinal fermentation, reducing belching, promoting digestion and止泻. It is used for indigestion, abdominal distension, and diarrhea caused by malnutrition in children, green stools, and other symptoms.

　　3. Pancreatin (also known as pancreatic juice, pancreatic enzyme) can promote the digestion of proteins, starch, and fats in a neutral or weakly acidic environment. It can be used for indigestion, lack of appetite, and digestive disorders caused by liver and pancreatic diseases.

　　4. Supplementing intestinal probiotics, generating various digestive enzymes in the intestines, promoting the synthesis and absorption of nutrients by the intestines, promoting the normal peristalsis of the intestines, and eliminating various symptoms of indigestion such as abdominal distension, acid regurgitation, belching, and bowel sounds.

　　5. Pepsin can decompose coagulated proteins under the participation of gastric acid, used for indigestion caused by decreased digestive function.

　　6. Multienzyme tablets are composed of pancreatin and pepsin, used for indigestion and lack of appetite.

　　7. Composite digestive enzyme capsules can promote the decomposition of various vegetable fibers, promote the digestion and absorption of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, promote the elimination of intestinal gases, and eliminate the feeling of abdominal distension. At the same time, the three different-colored pills contained in it can be released locally to ensure that the activity of various enzymes is released at a reasonable location.