Skin metastasis from lung cancer

　　The main cause of skin metastasis from lung cancer is the failure to discover and treat primary lung cancer in time, leading to skin metastasis. The main influencing factors for the occurrence of lung cancer include:

　　1. Smoking:Long-term smoking significantly increases the incidence of lung cancer, indicating that smoking is an influencing factor for lung cancer.

　　2. Air pollution:Industrial fuels such as coal and petroleum release carcinogenic harmful gases such as 3,4-benzopyrene, and a large amount of vehicle exhaust has been found to be closely related to malignant tumors.

　　3. Occupational factors:Currently recognized carcinogenic industrial chemicals include: long-term exposure to radioactive substances such as uranium and radium and their derivatives, carcinogenic hydrocarbons, arsenic, chromium, nickel, copper, tin, iron, coal tar, asphalt, and petroleum. The incidence of diseases in related industries is higher than that in the general population.

　　4. Genetic factors:Family inheritance, decreased human immune function, metabolic activity, and endocrine dysfunction may also play a certain role in promoting the occurrence of lung cancer.

　　Complications of skin metastasis from lung cancer develop rapidly and have a great destructive effect, extending into connective tissue, cartilage, periosteum, and bones, causing abnormal manifestations in the corresponding areas. Regional lymph node metastasis often occurs, and visceral metastasis can occur in the late stage. Especially squamous cell carcinoma of the mucosa is often prone to metastasis, leading to severe complications and even life-threatening conditions in severe cases.

　　Skin lesions are usually non-painful, localized clusters or scattered firm nodules, which initially appear flesh-colored and rapidly grow to a certain size, then remain stationary. In some cases, the appearance is vascular, similar to hemangioma, suppurative granuloma, or Kaposi sarcoma.

　　1. Once lung cancer is found, it is necessary to receive active treatment, and regular checks should be made, with attention paid to changes in the skin.

　　2. Strengthen cancer education and regular health checks for high-risk populations exposed to occupational hazards, avoid long-term contact with coal tar substances, arsenic agents, and chemical carcinogens. Those who are exposed to occupational hazards should pay attention to strengthening protection during work to prevent the occurrence of skin cancer.

　　3. It is necessary to actively treat and regularly examine chronic ulcers, chronic inflammations, and mucosal leukoplakia, etc., which cannot be cured for a long time, to help prevent the occurrence of skin cancer.

　　4, Encourage patients to build confidence in overcoming the disease, mobilize the subjective initiative of patients, maintain an optimistic spirit, and avoid tension.

　　5, Keep the local area clean to prevent the occurrence of infection.

　　6, Diet should be rich in vitamin A and vitamin C, and drinking tea can also prevent skin cancer.

　　1, Histopathology:Adenocarcinoma accounts for 30% of metastatic lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma accounts for 30%, and the rest are undifferentiated cancers including large cell undifferentiated carcinoma and small (oat) cell undifferentiated carcinoma, bronchopulmonary mucinous epithelial neuroendocrine carcinomas, and pulmonary sarcomas are rare. The tumor cells of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma originating from the lung are usually moderately differentiated or poorly differentiated, showing epithelial cell islands, with varying degrees of keratinization and intercellular bridges. Typically, there are only small amounts of squamous cell whirlpools (keratin pearls), keratinocytes showing atypical characteristics, such as large and irregular cells, fusiform cells, clear cells, and a large number of nuclear division figures. The central area of large tumor lesions shows necrosis.

　　Metastatic carcinomas originating from lung adenocarcinoma are usually moderately differentiated, showing tubular and glandular structures, with tumor cells being pleomorphic, deeply stained with nuclei, and many nuclear division figures are present.

　　Large cell undifferentiated carcinoma metastasis is composed of large and pleomorphic cells in sheet-like form, rich in cytoplasm, with prominent nucleoli, and many nuclear division figures are visible. The giant cell subtype has bizarre cells, irregular nuclei, and cells phagocytizing leukocytes, and the clear cell subtype is composed of sheet-like clear cells and clear cell islands.

　　Small cell undifferentiated lung metastatic carcinoma is composed of slightly larger, mild pleomorphic cells, tumor cells arranged in islet-like, trabecular, and rosary-like patterns, and common nuclear division figures are observed.

　　2, Immunohistochemistry:Originating from lung metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, like other squamous cell carcinomas, the cells are positive for cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen, 50% to 80% originate from lung squamous cell metastatic carcinoma, carcinoembryonic antigen positive, originating from lung metastatic adenocarcinoma, PAS staining positive and resistant to amylase, sialomucin positive, 70% to 100% carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) positive, originating from large cell undifferentiated lung metastatic carcinoma, the cells are positive for cytokeratin and carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron-specific enolase, S-100 protein, and leukocyte common antigen negative, originating from small (oat) cell lung metastatic carcinoma, the low molecular weight cytokeratin shows a diffuse perinuclear granular positive reaction and also shows varying degrees of positive reaction to neurofilaments. In addition, it is also positive for neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and negative for S-100 protein.

　　First, Nutritional Therapy for Skin Metastasis in Lung Cancer

　　4, Honey Lung-Cough Relieving Pill:Meadow honeycomb and caterpillar, each in equal proportion, with an appropriate amount of honey. Grind the three herbs into powder and refine honey to make pills. Take twice a day, 6 grams each time. It has the effect of nourishing the lung, resolving phlegm, and reducing swelling. Suitable for those with obvious cough in lung cancer.

　　2, Licorice Pear Pork Lung Soup:Licorice 10 grams, pear 2 pieces, pork lung about 250 grams. Peel the pear and cut into pieces, wash and slice the pork lung, squeeze out the foam, and place them together with licorice in a sand pot. Add a little rock sugar and an appropriate amount of water, and simmer over low heat for 3 hours before serving. Take once a day, which has the effect of nourishing the lung and resolving phlegm, suitable for those with persistent cough.

　　3. Rock sugar almond paste:Sweet almond 15 grams, bitter almond 3 grams, glutinous rice 50 grams, appropriate amount of rock sugar. Soak the sweet almond and bitter almond in water until they are soft, peel them, grind them with glutinous rice, water, and rock sugar to make a thick porridge. Take it every other day. It has the effects of moistening the lung, removing phlegm, relieving cough and asthma, and softening the bowels.

　　4. White fungus and jujube porridge:White fungus 25 grams, jujube 20 pieces, glutinous rice 50 grams. Boil the white fungus, jujube, and glutinous rice together to make porridge. Take it on an empty stomach in the morning and evening, it has the effects of detoxifying and reducing swelling.

　　5. Bai Zhi stewed bird's nest:Bai Zhi 9 grams, bird's nest 9 grams, appropriate amount of rock sugar. Boil Bai Zhi and bird's nest in water until they are extremely soft, then strain off the residue. Add appropriate amount of rock sugar to season and simmer for a few minutes. Take 1 to 2 times a day. It has the effects of nourishing the lung and yin, stopping coughing, and stopping bleeding.

　　6. White fungus steamed duck:White fungus 200 grams, white duck 1. Remove the shell of the white fungus, boil it in hot water, peel and remove the kernel, then blanch it in hot water and mix it with the cooked and boneless duck meat. Add clear soup, steam for 2 hours until the duck meat is tender, and then eat it. It can be eaten regularly, it has the effects of invigorating the body, calming asthma, promoting diuresis, and reducing swelling. It is suitable for lung cancer patients with shortness of breath, weakness, and excessive phlegm.

　　7. Schisandra stewed meat:Schisandra 50 grams, duck meat or lean pork in appropriate amount. Boil the schisandra and meat together, and add appropriate seasonings as needed. Take the meat, medicine, and soup together, it can nourish the lung and kidney, relieve cough and asthma, and is suitable for lung cancer patients with kidney deficiency.

　　8. Lotus chicken:Lotus seed 15 grams, chicken or duck, pork in appropriate amount. Boil the lotus seed and meat together, add appropriate seasonings as needed. Take it regularly, it can nourish the lung, benefit the Qi, and produce juice. It is suitable for lung cancer patients with insufficient Qi and blood.

　　9. Winter melon skin broad bean soup:Bark of winter melon 60 grams, seeds of winter melon 60 grams, broad bean 60 grams. Put the above ingredients in a pot, add 3 bowls of water, boil to 1 bowl, then add appropriate seasonings and drink after straining. It has the effects of removing dampness, promoting diuresis, and reducing swelling. It is suitable for lung cancer patients with pleural effusion.

　　10. Ginger juice beef rice:Fresh beef 100~150 grams, ginger 50 grams, 500 grams of rice, a little soy sauce, peanut oil, scallion, and ginger. Preparation: First, wash the fresh beef clean and chop it into minced meat, squeeze out about two spoons of ginger juice and add it to the beef, then add soy sauce, peanut oil, and scallion, mix well and set aside. After washing the rice clean, cook it with water until it is eight degrees cooked, then drain the water. Mix it all together, steam for 1 hour and it is ready.

　　11. Sheep bone porridge:Ingredients: two sheep bones (about 100 grams in weight). 100 grams of glutinous rice or sticky rice, a little salt, ginger, and scallion white. Usage: First, wash the sheep bones clean and hammer them into small pieces (about the size of a ping pong ball), add water to boil, and take the soup to cook with clean glutinous rice (or sticky rice) into porridge. After the porridge is cooked, add salt and it can be eaten.

　　Second, what is good for the body to eat when lung cancer spreads to the skin

　　1. If there is a loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting during chemotherapy, it is advisable to add hawthorn, white adzuki beans, white radish, fresh reed root, fresh lotus root, ginger juice, Job's tears, and tangerine peel, etc., to make porridge frequently. This can strengthen the spleen, open the stomach, and relieve nausea and vomiting. If there is a decrease in blood count, it is advisable to add dates, longan meat, animal liver, black chicken, duck meat, and turtle meat to the diet. Daily meals should be regular, moderate, and eaten in small portions to reduce the burden on the gastrointestinal tract.

　　2. Eat more foods rich in vitamin A, C, and E, and eat more green vegetables and fruits.

　　3. Often eat foods with anti-cancer effects, such as bok choy, cabbage, carrots,油菜, garlic, vegetable oils, fish, etc.

　　4. Adhere to low-fat, high-protein, easy-to-digest foods such as lean meat, eggs, yogurt, fresh fruit juice, and fresh vegetable juice.

　　5. The food should be fresh, and do not eat moldy and deteriorated foods.

　　6. Keep the bowels regular, and constipated patients should eat fiber-rich foods and drink some honey every day.

　　7. The main foods should include: milk, eggs, soy milk, lotus root starch, fruit juice, vegetable juice, minced lean meat, liver paste, etc.

　　The best foods to avoid for skin metastasis of lung cancer

　　1. Avoid smoking and drinking.

　　2. Avoid overeating, greasy foods, salted, smoked, roasted, and fried foods, especially charred and carbonized foods.

　　3. Avoid spicy and刺激性 foods such as scallions, garlic, Sichuan pepper, chili, cassia bark, etc.

　　4. Avoid moldy and pickled foods, such as moldy peanuts, moldy soybeans, salted fish, pickled vegetables, etc.

　　5. Avoid foods with many bones, rough and hard foods, sticky foods that are difficult to digest, and foods rich in rough fibers.

　　6. Avoid heavy flavors, overly sour, overly sweet, overly salty, overly cold, overly hot, and foods with too much gas.

　　7. Avoid foods with high salt and water content, such as abdominal dropsy.

　　7. Avoid scorpions, centipedes, and foods and traditional Chinese medicines with the effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, especially for those with low coagulation function and bleeding tendency, and after interventional therapy.

　　1. First, supplement various trace elements required by the human body to the patient, because a complete nutrition can effectively meet the needs of the patient, can be absorbed at the top of the small intestine without digestion, and can be taken orally. This is one of the dietary therapy methods for lung cancer.

　　2. If lung cancer patients have difficulty swallowing, they should choose food freely. If it does not affect the condition, they should eat more protein-rich and carbohydrate-rich foods such as lean meat, chicken, duck, rabbit, fish, shrimp, soy products, and various lung cancer dietary therapies.

　　3. For patients with lung cancer undergoing surgery, dietary therapy should be chosen according to the situation. The patient's diet should mainly be light, soft, and easy to digest and absorb, because surgical trauma can cause dysfunction of the digestive system. Therefore, when choosing food and taking supplements, do not be in a hurry to succeed.