Male reproductive system tuberculosis is a common disease, most often coexisting with urinary system tuberculosis. According to literature statistics, the percentage of concurrent tuberculosis in these two systems is 50-80%, while solitary male reproductive system tuberculosis accounts for only 10%.
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Male reproductive system tuberculosis
- Table of Contents
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1. What are the causes of male reproductive system tuberculosis?
2. What complications can male reproductive system tuberculosis easily lead to?
3. What are the typical symptoms of male reproductive system tuberculosis?
4. How to prevent male reproductive system tuberculosis?
5. What laboratory tests are needed for male reproductive system tuberculosis?
6. Diet taboos for male reproductive system tuberculosis patients
7. Conventional methods of Western medicine for the treatment of male reproductive system tuberculosis
1. What are the causes of male reproductive system tuberculosis?
There are two infection routes for male reproductive system tuberculosis:
1. Hematogenous infection:The incidence of male reproductive system tuberculosis is the same as that of renal tuberculosis, both being secondary lesions of tuberculosis foci in other organs of the body. The tuberculosis bacilli enter the male reproductive system through the blood.
2. Urinary tract infection:Based on renal tuberculosis, the tuberculosis bacilli enter the male reproductive system through urine, making it a secondary lesion of renal tuberculosis. At the same time, the more severe the renal tuberculosis lesions, the more opportunities there are for concurrent male reproductive system tuberculosis. In a group of 143 cases of renal tuberculosis, 13% had concurrent male reproductive system tuberculosis in sputum tuberculosis, 58% in caseous renal tuberculosis, and 100% in cavitary renal tuberculosis. It is currently believed that male reproductive system tuberculosis, whether through hematogenous infection or urinary tract infection, often starts from the prostate and seminal vesicle and spreads to the vas deferens, and then from the lumen or lymphatic vessels of the vas deferens to the epididymis. After the lesions occur at the tail of the epididymis, they spread to other parts of the epididymis and the testis. Hematogenous male reproductive tract tuberculosis can directly cause epididymal tuberculosis, and this infection often starts at the head of the epididymis. Clinically, urinary tract infection is more common, while hematogenous infection is relatively rare.
2. What complications can male reproductive system tuberculosis easily lead to?
Concurrent tuberculosis in other parts of the body, such as pulmonary tuberculosis, peritoneal tuberculosis, lymph node tuberculosis, bone tuberculosis, renal tuberculosis, and others, requires further comprehensive analysis and judgment in the process of clinical diagnosis and treatment, including chest X-rays, B-ultrasound, as well as CT and MRI, to determine the presence of tuberculosis complications in the above-mentioned areas. It also needs to be differentiated from diseases such as testicular tumors, which can usually be clarified through auxiliary examinations such as B-ultrasound.
3. What are the typical symptoms of male reproductive system tuberculosis?
The clinical manifestations of male reproductive system tuberculosis are often symptoms of epididymal tuberculosis, with a slow progression of the disease and mild symptoms. The epididymis gradually swells, and there may be occasional坠坠感 or mild dull pain, which may not attract the attention of the patient and is often discovered incidentally. The epididymal lesions spread from the tail to the body and head, adhering to the scrotum and forming caseous necrosis to create cold abscesses, which eventually溃破成窦道, lasting for a long time without healing. A few cases of epididymal tuberculosis may have acute symptoms, which are caused by secondary infection. The patient may have a sudden fever, redness and swelling of the epididymis in the scrotum, pain, and the formation of an abscess that ruptures, followed by the gradual disappearance of acute symptoms and the transition into a chronic stage. The manifestation of spermatic duct tuberculosis is merely fibrosis and thickening, becoming hard, and presenting as cord-like or beaded. Patients with bilateral spermatic duct and epididymal tuberculosis can cause infertility.
4. How to prevent male reproductive system tuberculosis?
To prevent the occurrence of tuberculosis, the following points should be paid attention to:
It is necessary to strengthen health education to make young people understand the dangers and transmission methods of tuberculosis. Develop good hygiene habits such as not spitting on the ground. The sputum of tuberculosis patients should be incinerated or disinfected with drugs.
It is necessary to conduct regular physical examinations for adolescents to achieve early detection, isolation, and treatment. In addition, infants and young children should be vaccinated with BCG vaccine on time to induce immunity and reduce the incidence of tuberculosis.
If symptoms such as low fever, night sweats, dry cough, and sputum with bloodstains are found, it is necessary to go to the hospital for a check-up in time. After confirming tuberculosis, treatment with streptomycin, rifampicin, and ethambutol should be started immediately. At the same time, attention should be paid to increasing nutrition to enhance physical fitness. As long as it is discovered in time and treated thoroughly, tuberculosis can be completely cured.
Tuberculosis is a disease caused by the spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through the respiratory tract. It is mainly transmitted through droplets released when a patient coughs, sneezes, or speaks loudly. Therefore, in order to avoid infection, it is necessary to develop good hygiene habits. When sneezing, use a handkerchief to cover your mouth to avoid facing others; ventilate the room frequently, and pay more attention in crowded places; also, exercise more to improve immunity.
5.
What laboratory tests are needed for male reproductive system tuberculosis?
The diagnosis of male reproductive system tuberculosis is generally not difficult. It mainly relies on the above clinical manifestations, scrotal physical examination, and rectal examination, as well as the enlargement and irregularity of the prostate and seminal vesicle, the presence of tuberculosis nodules, and signs such as nodules in the epididymis and thickened and beaded spermatic ducts, which can all confirm the diagnosis. Those with epididymal lesions adhering to the scrotum and ulcerating to form chronic sinus tracts can be more clearly identified as tuberculosis. For a few cases where the diagnosis cannot be明确, sperm culture or smear examination for Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be performed, as well as examination of the prostate fluid for tuberculosis bacteria. Although the opportunity for positive results is relatively rare, this examination still has reference value. X-ray examination sometimes shows calcification in the prostate, and seminal vesicle angiography can display the spermatic duct and seminal vesicle lesions, including narrowed and obstructed spermatic ducts, irregular shadowing of the seminal vesicle, expansion, and destruction. However, often these cases due to the obstruction of the lesions cannot pass the contrast agent, resulting in unsuccessful shadowing, and thus, the practical application value is not significant.. Dietary taboos for male reproductive system tuberculosis patients.
Dietetic therapy for male reproductive system tuberculosis:
1, 50 grams of sheep spinal cord, 50 grams of honey, 10 grams of raw rehmannia, 15 grams of refined sheep fat oil, 25 grams of yellow wine, a little ginger strips and salt. First put the sheep spinal cord and raw rehmannia into a pot with appropriate amount of water, boil over low heat until the sheep spinal cord is cooked, then remove the sheep spinal cord and raw rehmannia, add refined sheep fat oil, salt, ginger strips, yellow wine, and honey into the soup, heat until boiling and then serve. Twice a day.
2, 2 grams of tremella, 20 grams of rock sugar, 1 pigeon egg. First soak the tremella in cold water for 20 minutes, wash and crush, then cook in a pot with 400 milliliters of water, boil with high heat and add rock sugar, then cook over low heat until the rock sugar dissolves, then beat the pigeon egg into the low heat and steam for 3 minutes. Once a day. Suitable for dry cough of pulmonary tuberculosis.
3, 1000 grams of carrot, 100 grams of honey, 3 grams of alun. Wash the carrot, slice and add 350 milliliters of water, boil for 20 minutes, then filter the juice, add honey and alun, stir well and boil for a moment. Take three times a day, each time 50 grams. Suitable for symptoms such as cough with white sputum, pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis, etc.
4, 250 grams of turtle meat, 9 grams of stemona, 9 grams of cortex lycii, 9 grams of anemarrhena, 24 grams of raw rehmannia, an appropriate amount of salt. First put the turtle into boiling water to kill, cut off the head and claws, peel off the hard shell, remove the internal organs, wash and cut into 1 cm square pieces, then put the cleaned stemona, cortex lycii, anemarrhena, raw rehmannia into a pot with appropriate amount of water, boil with high heat for 20 minutes, then turn to low heat to simmer for 2 hours, add salt for seasoning. Once every three days.
5, 1 to 2 chicken livers, 15 to 24 grams of fresh oyster, 12 to 15 grams of calcined oyster shell. Wash the chicken livers, cut open, crush the fresh oyster and calcined oyster shell; first boil the oyster and calcined oyster shell over low heat for 60 minutes, then add the chicken liver, wait until the chicken liver is cooked, then drink the soup. Once a day.
6, 1 pear, 30 grams of spinach root, 30 grams of lily, 12 grams of stemona. Wash the pear, cut into pieces and remove the core, wash the spinach root and cut into segments, then cook with lily and stemona in a pot with appropriate amount of water, boil over low heat for 40 minutes. Once a day.
7, Eat several cloves of garlic every day.
8, 1 placenta, washed and placed on a new tile, dried over low heat and ground into a fine powder. Taken three times a day, each time 10 grams with hot water.
9, 15 grams of yam, 12 grams of sand root, 10 grams of stemona, decocted and taken internally. Once a day.
10, 20 grams of yam, 10 grams of white atractylodes, 10 grams of chicken gizzards, 12 grams of Scrophularia ningpoensis, 6 grams of Fritillaria thunbergii, decocted in water. Once a day.
11, 30 grams of Bletilla striata ground into a fine powder, taken three times a day, each time 6 grams with hot water.
12, 50 grams of fresh Portulaca oleracea decocted and taken internally. Once a day.
13, 60 grams of Prunella vulgaris decocted and taken internally. Once a day.
14, 5 grams of Polygonatum sibiricum decocted and taken internally. Once a day.
15, 3 to 5 centipede, remove the head and feet, place on a new tile and dry over low heat, then grind into a fine powder. Take three times a day, each time 3 grams taken internally.
16, 5 grams of forsythia flowers ground into a fine powder, taken before each meal. Three times a day.
17, 5 grams of licorice root decocted twice a day.
18, 100 grams of corn silk, an appropriate amount of rock sugar, boil together with high heat for 5 minutes and then serve as tea slowly and frequently. Once a day.
19. Cut 50 grams of lotus root into slices and dip them in sugar. Take once a day.
20. Cut 2 eels into pieces, clean them, and cook them with 100 milliliters of yellow wine, an appropriate amount of salt and vinegar, and 1500 milliliters of water over low heat until the eel meat is cooked. Drink the soup and eat the meat.
21. Mash 20 grams of chive into paste and filter out its juice. Add an appropriate amount of brown sugar and mix thoroughly. Take internally once a day.
22. Boil 500 grams of walnut meat and add 500 grams of persimmon paste after boiling until they blend together. Take an appropriate amount and eat three times a day.
7. The conventional method of Western medicine for treating male reproductive system tuberculosis
The treatment of male genital tuberculosis must include systemic treatment and male reproductive system treatment. Systemic treatment is the same as that of general tuberculosis. Male reproductive system treatment includes medication and surgery:
First, medication
The treatment of male genital tuberculosis with anti-tuberculosis drugs has a good effect. Both seminal vesicle and prostate tuberculosis can be treated conservatively with medication. The method of medication is the same as that of renal tuberculosis, using a combination of two or three drugs mainly composed of isoniazid, streptomycin, rifampin, etc. The duration of treatment generally follows the experience of 6-12 months.
Second, surgical treatment
The surgical treatment of male genital tuberculosis mainly solves the epididymal tuberculosis of the reproductive system. The solution to epididymal tuberculosis is helpful for the healing of tuberculosis in other parts of the reproductive system (seminal vesicle, prostate). Surgery is performed after the lesions of the epididymis are localized, as with renal tuberculosis, and anti-tuberculosis drugs are also needed before and after surgery.
Indications for epididymectomy:
1. Tuberculosis in one epididymis.
2. Cold abscess formation in one epididymis.
3. Cold abscess formation in both epididymis.
4. Chronic sinus formation in one epididymis and scrotum.
5. Chronic sinus formation in both epididymis and scrotum.
During epididymectomy, the distal end of the vas deferens should be cut as high as possible and transplanted under the skin to prevent retraction and prevent the formation of tuberculous abscesses inside the scrotum. When removing the epididymis, the testis should be preserved as much as possible. If the testis has been affected by the lesion, the affected part of the testis should be removed together to preserve the function of part of the testis; if the lesion has affected most of the testis and the testis cannot be preserved, the testis can be removed together.
There is still no consensus on the treatment of the contralateral vas deferens during epididymectomy. For those with no sperm in the preoperative semen routine examination, it is advisable to ligate the contralateral vas deferens.
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