Male Turner syndrome

　　This disease is a genetic disease caused by chromosomal abnormalities.

　　Chromosomal abnormalities refer to changes in the number or structure of chromosomes. This includes the multiplication of the entire chromosome set, the increase or decrease in the number of paired chromosomes, the increase or decrease of a segment of a single chromosome, and the change in the position of individual segments of chromosomes. These abnormalities can be observed and identified under a microscope and are the fundamental cause of chromosomal diseases. Chromosomal abnormalities are divided into numerical abnormalities and structural abnormalities.

　　Male Turner syndrome is a genetic disease caused by chromosomal abnormalities. It is characterized by short stature, webbed neck, increased interocular distance, dull facial expression, broad chest, increased distance between nipples, radial clubbing, over-convex nails, and other malformations, hence known as male or pseudo-Turner syndrome. It is also characterized by primary gonadal dysgenesis, small testes, small penis, and often cryptorchidism. The seminiferous tubules in the testes are underdeveloped, but the stromal cells often proliferate. The secretion of blood testosterone is normal or decreased, and the level of urinary gonadotropin is increased.

　　1. The main manifestation is primary gonadal dysgenesis, small testes, small penis, and often cryptorchidism. The seminiferous tubules in the testes are underdeveloped, but the stromal cells often proliferate.

　　2. The body shape is often similar to that of patients with Turner syndrome, characterized by short stature, webbed neck, increased interocular distance, dull facial expression, shield chest, increased distance between nipples, radial clubbing, over-convex nails, and other malformations, hence known as male or pseudo-Turner syndrome.

　　3. Often accompanied by pulmonary valve stenosis and other cardiac malformations.

　　4. Intelligence is often low and accompanied by ptosis of the eyelids.

　　5. It is important that chromosomal karyotype analysis often shows malformations, mostly mosaics, such as 45, XO/46, XY, 45, XO/47, XXY, 45, XO/46, XY/47, XXY, and so on.

　　6. No obvious family history.

　　Male Turner syndrome is a genetic disease of chromosomal abnormality. The cause of chromosomal malformation is not clear, and it may be related to environmental factors, genetic factors, dietary factors, and emotional and nutritional factors during pregnancy. Therefore, the disease cannot be prevented directly. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment are of great significance in preventing the disease. Regular examinations should be done during pregnancy. If the child has a tendency of development abnormality, chromosomal screening should be done in time, and after clarification, timely induced abortion should be performed to avoid the birth of children with the disease.

　　1. Serum testosterone secretion is normal or decreased, and urinary gonadotropin is increased.

　　2. It is important that chromosomal karyotype analysis often shows malformations, mostly mosaics, such as 45, XO/46, XY, 45, XO/47, XXY, 45, XO/46, XY/47, XXY, and so on.

　　3. Echocardiography often shows pulmonary valve stenosis and other cardiac malformations.

　　Diet should be light and nutritious, and attention should be paid to dietary balance. Spicy and刺激性 food should be avoided to prevent the recurrence of the disease, such as seafood, chicken, dog meat, etc. At the same time, do not avoid spicy food. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits. Fresh vegetables and fruits contain a large number of nutrients needed by the human body. Eat more foods that enhance immunity to improve the body's resistance to diseases.

　　1. Treatment

　　This symptom mainly targets primary hypogonadism, and treatment can use androgens, but it cannot play a role in fertility (even mild cases can have fertility). If there is cryptorchidism, since there is no tendency towards malignancy, it is not necessary to remove it; the incidence of autoimmune thyroiditis accompanying it is slightly higher, and attention should be paid to identification.

　　2. Prognosis

　　Even mild cases can have fertility.