Ovarian infertility

　　1, Congenital Abnormalities of the Ovary

　　Common diseases include incomplete sexual gland development syndrome, 47, XXX syndrome, true hermaphroditism, and testicular feminization, which are not within the scope of infertility treatment and are also relatively common diseases.

　　2, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

　　In recent years, there has been a trend of increasing incidence. Clomiphene is the first choice for treatment, and for some patients, consideration can be given to ovarian wedge resection, ovarian incision, puncture of cysts, and other therapies, which also have certain effects.

　　3, Infertility Caused by Ovarian Inflammation

　　The disease can be divided into tuberculous and non-substantial ovarian parenchymal inflammation, peritonitis. For inflammation, anti-inflammatory treatment should be the main approach; for those with fibrous adhesions around, consider laparotomy or laparoscopic adhesiolysis; for tuberculosis infection, anti-tuberculosis treatment should be carried out.

　　4, Abnormal Ovarian Position

　　Ovarian prolapse changes the anatomical position of the fallopian tube ostium, thus affecting the entry of the ovum into the fallopian tube. Consideration can be given to the shortening of the ovarian ligament, shortening or fixing the ovarian mesentery to the posterior uterine wall.

　　5, Ovarian Tumors

　　Ovarian cysts may be related to infertility, excessive secretion of estrogen by polycystic ovarian cysts can cause persistent anovulation. The solid tumors of the ovary, such as various hormone-secreting tumors, granulosa cell tumors secreting female hormones, and theca cell tumors.

　　6. Ovarian Endometriosis

　　In infertility caused by endometriosis, the most common is the lesion invasion of the ovary. Medication can be used; conservative surgery can be performed, and visible lesions should be resected as much as possible while preserving normal ovarian tissue. Smaller lesions can also be cauterized under laparoscopy, and at the same time, mild adhesions in the pelvic cavity can be released, or the contents of the endometrial cyst can be aspirated through the accessory needle of the trocar.

　　7. Ovarian Amenorrhea

　　Patients with ovarian amenorrhea may have two types of responses after treatment with gonadotropins: ineffective and effective. Therefore, the examination of patients with ovarian amenorrhea should be carried out in order: measuring urine or blood FSH and LH; gonadotropin stimulation test; if conditions permit, LH-RH pituitary stimulation test; karyotype and sex chromosome analysis; laparoscopy; if necessary, laparotomy can be performed.

　　8, Ovarian Chocolate Cyst

　　Ovarian chocolate cyst is a type of endometriosis. The main pathological change of endometriosis is the periodic hemorrhage of the endometrium with the changes of ovarian hormones.

　　1, Abnormal Menstruation

　　Oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea (accounting for 1/3 in amenorrheic patients and 90% in oligomenorrheic patients), some patients may show continuous menstrual bleeding.

　　2, Inducing Endometrial Cancer and Breast Cancer

　　If anovulation occurs for a long time, there is a disorder of sex hormone metabolism, excessive endometrial hyperplasia without the opposing effect of cyclic progesterone, which is prone to endometrial cancer and breast cancer. Therefore, sufficient attention should be given to those with ovulatory disorders, and active examination and treatment should be carried out.

　　3, Affecting the Image of Young Girls

　　Hirsutism, obesity, acne. Hirsutism is a typical manifestation of increased androgens. Acne is also caused by the enhanced activity of androgens, which stimulates the secretion of sebaceous glands and hair follicles, leading to bacterial infection.

　　1, Congenital Abnormalities of the Ovary

　　Common ones include gonadal dysgenesis (Turner) syndrome, 47, XXX syndrome, true hermaphroditism, testicular feminization, which are not within the scope of infertility treatment and are also common diseases.

　　2, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

　　In recent years, there has been a trend of increasing incidence. Clomiphene is the first choice for treatment, and for some patients, consideration can be given to ovarian wedge resection, ovarian incision, puncture of cysts, and other therapies, which also have certain effects.

　　3, Infertility Caused by Ovarian Inflammation

　　The disease can be divided into tuberculous and non-substantial ovarian parenchymal inflammation, peritonitis. For inflammation, anti-inflammatory treatment should be the main approach; for those with fibrous adhesions around, consider laparotomy or laparoscopic adhesiolysis; for tuberculosis infection, anti-tuberculosis treatment should be carried out.

　　4, Abnormal Ovarian Position

　　Ovarian prolapse changes the anatomical position of the fallopian tube ostium, affecting the entry of oocytes into the fallopian tube. Consideration can be given to the shortening of the ovarian ligament, shortening or fixing the ovarian mesentery to the posterior uterine wall. Adhesive abnormalities of the uterus are often caused by inflammation and endometriosis, which can all lead to infertility. Consideration can be given to surgery or laparoscopic adhesiolysis.

　　5, Ovarian Tumors

　　Ovarian cysts may be related to infertility; polycystic ovarian syndrome with excessive estrogen secretion can lead to persistent anovulation. Ovarian solid tumors such as various hormone-secreting tumors, granulosa cell tumors secreting female hormones, and ovarian surface epithelial tumors. Symptoms of female masculinization such as testicular teratoma secreting male hormones, adrenal cortical-like tumors, and gate cell tumors are all related to infertility. In addition to ovarian tumors with a tendency to malignant transformation, normal ovarian tissue should be preserved as much as possible during tumor resection.

　　6. Ovarian Endometriosis

　　In cases of infertility caused by endometriosis, the most common is the invasion of the ovary by the lesion. Danazol (a derivative of 17-α-ethynyltestosterone) can be used for drug treatment; conservative surgery can be performed, and the visible lesions should be removed as much as possible while retaining normal ovarian tissue. It is also possible to coagulate smaller lesions under laparoscopy, and at the same time, it can also relieve mild adhesions in the pelvic cavity or extract the contents of the endometriotic cyst through the accessory needle of the laparoscope.

　　7. Ovarian Amenorrhea

　　Patients with ovarian amenorrhea may have two types of responses after treatment with gonadotropins: ineffective and effective. Therefore, the examination of patients with ovarian amenorrhea should be carried out in order: measuring urine or blood FSH and LH; gonadotropin stimulation test; if conditions permit, LH-RH pituitary stimulation test; karyotype and sex chromosome analysis; laparoscopy; if necessary, laparotomy can be performed.

　　1. Regularly consume foods rich in plant estrogens, such as soybeans, lentils, grains, wheat, black rice, sunflower seeds, onions, etc. Drinking soy milk made from soybeans, red beans, and black beans every day is a very safe way to supplement plant estrogens and should be maintained for a long time.

　　2. Choose fresh milk or specialized menopausal milk powder to prevent osteoporosis caused by the decline of ovarian function.

　　3. Reduce the opportunity for passive smoking.

　　4. Strengthen physical exercise. Yoga, swimming, and brisk walking are considered important ways to release physical and mental stress, maintain the health of the ovaries, and increase bone density.

　　5. Reduce the intake of salt, alcohol, and coffee to lower the possibility of osteoporosis.

　　6. Supplement vitamin E capsules at half the maximum intake every day. It has been proven that vitamin E not only has the effect of enhancing ovarian function but also has the effect of anti-oxidation of cells and prevention of lipid peroxidation of cell membranes, ultimately achieving the effect of anti-aging.

　　1. Hormone Measurement

　　Hormone measurement can be divided into the measurement of gonadotropins and the measurement of steroid hormones. Among them, steroid hormones include the measurement of 1 androgens, 2 estrogens, and 3 adrenal DHEAS.

　　2. CT and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

　　This kind of measurement by CT and magnetic resonance is mainly used to identify and exclude pelvic tumors.

　　3. Laparotomy

　　Laparotomy is a method mainly used when ovarian wedge resection or ovarian tumor is suspected.

　　4. Basal Body Temperature Measurement

　　General ovarian infertility is often related to the failure of ovary to ovulate. If the ovary can ovulate normally, the body temperature will rise during the ovulatory period. The body temperature measurement is used to check whether the ovary has lesions. Generally, it is necessary to record the body temperature every day for a period of time, and then summarize and compare it. This examination can usually be completed at home by the patient without the need to be done in the hospital.

　　5. Blood Steroid Hormone Measurement

　　This examination mainly determines the concentrations of estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone. If both hormones are found to be low, this indicates abnormal ovarian function or the presence of ovarian failure. If the level of testosterone is too high, it is very likely to be polycystic ovary syndrome, etc., and this examination result is quite credible.

　　6. Vaginal squamous cell examination

　　This examination mainly observes the percentage of superficial, middle, and basal cells. Generally, the higher the percentage of superficial cells, the higher the estrogen level. The smear of patients with early ovarian failure shows varying degrees of estrogen decline. The accuracy of this examination result mainly depends on the doctor's observation level.

　　7. Cervical mucus crystallization examination

　　This examination is mainly to check the estrogen level, because excessive estrogen secretion can cause very obvious cervical mucus crystallization, and the crystallization condition can be observed to judge the condition of ovarian lesions.

　　1. Regularly consume foods rich in plant estrogens, such as soybeans, red beans, black beans, lentils, grains, wheat, black rice, sunflower seeds, onions, etc.

　　2. Choose fresh milk or specialized menopausal milk powder to prevent osteoporosis caused by the decline of ovarian function.

　　3. Reduce the intake of salt, alcohol, and coffee to lower the possibility of osteoporosis.

　　1. Nanometer-level biological pump artificial ovary technology

　　Through high-tech nanotechnology, the hypothalamus-pituitary cell wall biological pump is activated, and the intrinsic relationship between the 'calcium pump' and human hormones is utilized to organically regulate the normal release of LH and FSH by the pituitary, so that the estrogen's positive and negative feedback on the hypothalamus returns to normal, achieving the balance of the body's internal environment, improving the abnormal condition of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis, restoring the normal development of follicles, promoting ovulation of the ovary, and restoring the normal reproductive function of the human body.

　　2. The efficacy of clomiphene-induced ovulation

　　Clomiphene has been observed to induce ovulation, and sexual life is had during the ovulatory period, but even after 3-4 cycles of continuous use, pregnancy has not been achieved, and it should be considered to discontinue the medication and look for other causes of infertility, such as cervical factors, immune factors, etc. Some scholars suggest that for those who have not become pregnant after using clomiphene for 2 cycles, low-dose estrogen can be added from the 10th to the 16th day of the cycle (ovulatory period), i.e., 0.25mg of diethylstilbestrol taken orally daily, to increase cervical mucus secretion and improve the sperm's ability to penetrate the mucus, which may improve the efficacy.

　　About 4% to 9% of patients who experience multiple pregnancies after clomiphene treatment, especially after using clomiphene for polycystic ovary syndrome, have twins most commonly. About 15% to 20% of patients experience miscarriage after using clomiphene, and about 5% of congenital malformations occur in the fetus after using the drug, which is not significantly different from those treated with other methods for infertility.

　　3. Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy

　　Using this method to remove ovarian cysts only requires making 1-2 incisions of 5 millimeters and 2 incisions of 10 millimeters on the abdominal wall to complete the operation. The recovery is fast after the operation, and generally, patients can be discharged 3 days after the operation.

　　Laparoscopic surgery has small trauma, less pain, less bleeding, fast recovery, short hospital stay, and fewer complications. Moreover, due to the small scar on the abdominal wall after surgery, it is deeply favored by women.

　　Four, 3D Fertility Microenvironment Therapy

　　The research theory of the 3D Fertility Microenvironment Therapy believes that any disease of the reproductive organ is not an independent existence. The occurrence of endometriosis is definitely affected by a series of subsequent links and microenvironmental factors, such as the condition of the uterine muscle layer, the hormone level in the uterine cavity, the acidity and alkalinity of the uterine cavity, the receptivity of the endometrium, etc. If it is only to eliminate the focus, and none of the related factors have reached the normal level, it will lead to failure of pregnancy and even cause the occurrence of endometriosis even serious tumors.

　　The research theory of the 3D Fertility Microenvironment Therapy believes that any disease of the reproductive organ is not an independent existence. The occurrence of endometriosis is definitely affected by a series of subsequent links and microenvironmental factors, such as the condition of the uterine muscle layer, the hormone level in the uterine cavity, the acidity and alkalinity of the uterine cavity, the receptivity of the endometrium, etc. If it is only to eliminate the focus, and none of the related factors have reached the normal level, it will lead to failure of pregnancy and even cause the occurrence of endometriosis even serious tumors.

　　1. First, stimulate the membrane cells to rapidly decompose and activate, awaken the steroid hormones in a semi-dormant state, and the synthesized androgens provide substrates for the aromatase dependent on granulosa cells FSH, which successfully synthesizes progestin, and the reproductive function is initially formed;

　　2. Adjust the peripheral nerves of the ovary. Finally, the drug needs to effectively regulate the nervous支配 system of the ovary because the ovary nerves directly participate in the regulation of ovarian blood flow. Ensuring the benign vitality of the ovary nerves can indirectly solve the problems of the external environment of the ovary, and play a powerful role in ensuring the development and ovulation of the follicles. This measure can also greatly improve the activity of the ovary and avoid premature ovarian failure. Clinical studies have found that the ovulation rate after this stage of treatment has recovered to 75%-90%, the development of follicles is basically normal, and the fertility rate reaches 92%.